Hello, I have a question about verbs. Over the lessons I have heard many forms of the word "speak" or bolte. I have seen bol as in kyaa aap angrejee bol sakathee haiM? I have seen bolte as in Kya aap Angrezi bolte hain? I have seen bolenge as in kyaa aap aur Dheere boleMge? What changes in the sentence such that we need to use different forms? Thanks

Also what is the purpose of sakathee as it appears to change the verb "bol"?

Hi James, I try to answer your questions. To speak in Hindi is बोलना bolna which is infinitive verb. The stem is bol. + te or ta or tee to verb root- bol=bolta, boltee or bolta Do you speak Hindi? आप हिंदी बोलते हैं? Aap Hindi bolte hain? Aap is plural. Bolte hain goes with aap. Masculine Feminine मैं बोलता हूँ मैं बोलती हूँ I speak Main bilta hu तुम बोलते हो तुम बोलती हो You speak Tum bolte ho Tum boltii ho हम बोलते हैं हम बोलती हैं We speak Ham bolte hain Ham boltee hain The other way to ask is “Can you speak Hindi? Or Are you able to speak Hindi. The stem: bol(speak) plus saktaa, sakte, saktee hai or hain. To be able to is सकना saknaa (after verb stem) to be able Sak +te or Sak +ta क्या आप हिन्दी बोल सकते हैं? Kya aap Hindi bol sakte hain? Can you speak Hindi?

Hi James, I try to answer your questions. To speak is बोलना bolna which is infinitive verb. The stem is bol. + te or ta or tee to verb root- bol=bolta, boltee or bolte Do you speak Hindi? आप हिंदी बोलते हैं? Aap Hindi bolte hain? Aap is plural. Bolte hain goes with aap. मैं बोलता हूँ Main bolta hun I speak.(A subject मैं main is male) मैं बोलती हूँ Main biltee hun I speak. (A subject मैं main is female) तुम बोलते हो Tum bolte ho You speak.(A subject तुम is male) तुम बोलती हो Tum boltee ho You speak.(A subject तुम is female) हम बोलते हैं Ham bolte hain We speak(masculine gender) हम बोलती हैं Ham boltee hain We speak(femine gender) राम बोलता है Ram boltaa hai Ram speaks सीता बोलती है Sita boltee hai Sita speaks We can also use two verbs: सकना saknaa- to be able to and to speak- बोलना bolna. The first verb is conjugated, the second verb bolna using only the stem बोल bol –to speak. Sakna changes to saktaa, sakte, saktee Plus verb to be Hona: hai, hain, ho, hu Examples: क्य़ा आप अंग्रेज़ी बोल सकते हैं kyaa aap angrezee bol sakte hain – Are you able to speak English? Do you speak English? (male) क्य़ा आप अंग्रेज़ी बोल सकती हैं ? kyaa aap angrezee bol sakatee hain? – Are you able to speak English? Do you speak English? (female) क्या आप हिन्दी बोल सकती हैं? Kya aap Hindi bol saktee hain? Do you speak Hindi? (informal when speaking to a woman) रोहन हिन्दी वोल सकता है Rohan hindi bol sakta hai. Rohan is able to speak Hindi.