Verb forms and tenses

2679

2679

December 21, 2010

As I know, there are 2 types of verbs: Godan and Ichidan + 2 irregular ones: kuru (to come) and suru (to do). There are 5 bases + base "te" and base "ta" for each of them. My question is: Does Rocket Japanese include a lesson in which we are thought how to conjugate them, which base is used for which tense, which are polite, which are rude and so on... ? If not, could somebody explain them here please ? If there is, no need for explanation as I'll go through that lesson myself. Thank you in advance ! コッド
Pascal-P

Pascal-P

December 23, 2010

Hi there! The 5 bases you are referring to I am assuming are the -masu endings. Eg. およぎます oyogimasu I swim   およぎません oyogimasen I don't swim   およぎました oyogimashita I swam   およぎませんでした oyogimasendeshita I did not swim.   およぎましょう oyogimashou Let us swim. (volitional) You need to add the -masu -masen -mashita -masendeshita -mashou endings to the stem of the verb, which is obtained by dropping the -ru or by changing the last u--->i eg. たべるーー>たべーー>たべます   もぬーー>のみーー>もにます Some phonetic changes might be necessary eg. tsu-->chi eg. まつーー>まちーー>まちます In response to your question about politeness, you have polite and plain forms of verbs. For example, りんごをたべる? "Ringo o taberu?" would be said between friends, where "taberu" is informal. Also called the dictionary form. おちゃをのみますか? "Ocha o nomimasu ka?" would be said between people not too familiar with one another. It's the -MASU ending which you'll see a lot. めしあがってください! ”Messhiagatte kudasai" which means "Please eat" is honorific, It is composed of the -te form of "meshiagaru" the honorific version of "taberu" and the imperative of "kudasaru", the polite form of "kureru", to give. The -ta form is the simple past tense, for example きのうは、ぎんこうにいった。 " Kinou wa, ginkou ni itta." Yesterday, I went to the bank" (plain). However, the -masu ending are for polite speech. There are many other conjugations and endings for informal speech. A full list can be found here: http://www.as.ua.edu/nihongo/verb(underscore)table(underscore)roomaji.htm Replace (underscore) with "_". I can't seem to put underscores in web addresses when I post them. ロケットジャパニーズで べんきょ たのしんで ください!
2679

2679

December 23, 2010

Thanks for the explanation. But I'm still at doubt because there are these bases that I mentioned, as i know (maybe I'm wrong ), the stem form is actually the 4th base of verb conjugation and can be used with the meanings you told me without -masu/-mashita.
Pascal-P

Pascal-P

December 23, 2010

Just looked up these bases. I've never seen them before. I would probably say just learn the conjugations of the different tenses, as there aren't that many, and nearly all verbs are regular. The Rocket Japanese Course deals with many of the tenses, but I cannot seem to find a lesson that deals with all the conjugations at once. I would suggest just progressing through the course, as it does a good job of explaining the uses of the different conjugations. Pay attention in the audio lessons as well, as salient points regarding grammar and tense usage are made.
2679

2679

December 24, 2010

will do ! ありがとうございました!

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